The rusty-spotted cat Prionailurus rubiginosus is the world’s smallest wildcat weighing between 1 and 1.6 kg, and prefers a semi-arboreal habitat. This cat has distinct rusty spots (frequently lanceolate) on its russet-grey coat, and prominent stripes on the forehead. The tail is long and spotless, almost half of its body size. Rusty-spotted cat is listed as ‘near threatened (NT)’ in the IUCN Red List, and listed under the Schedule I of the Indian Wildlife Protection Act 1972 (ref. 3). Although widely distributed in the Indian Peninsula, this cat is facing increasing threats pertaining to habitat loss and conversion of wildlife habitat into human land uses, road kills and disease. The species uses forested landscape as well as found in the human dominated landscapes