Technological advancements have facilitated the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) across various industries, aiming to enhance precision and efficiency. In the domain of libraries, efforts have been made to automate tasks such as collection development, indexing, abstracting, user recommendations, reference services, and data analysis. The primary objective is to identify and analyse global initiatives employing AI in cataloguing, with a particular focus on subject heading implementation. Additionally, the study examines the implications of these initiatives within the Indian context. Employing an exploratory research approach, this study examines published literature to explore real-world cases of AI implementation in cataloguing. It investigates the development contexts and challenges associated with the adoption of AI in this domain. The findings suggest that while the development of fully automated systems remains challenging, AI systems can serve as valuable aids to human cataloguers, offering suggestions and acting as auxiliary units. In the Indian context, although research on the development of fully automated systems is limited, much of the cataloguing is carried out through copy cataloguing practices. This research provides valuable guidance for decision-makers in library management and information science, highlighting the potential benefits and challenges associated with the integration of AI in cataloguing practices.