Following India’s push towards sustainable Fecal Sludge and Septage Management (FSSM), Tamil Nadu was the first state to issue the Operative Guidelines for Septage Management for Local Bodies in Tamil Nadu, in May 2014. Furthering its sanitation services and delivery capabilities, the state has encouraged the implementation of Fecal Sludge Treatment Plants (FSTPs) to treat fecal sludge (FS) collected from onsite sanitation systems. Three technologies, mechanised, gravity-based, and planted drying beds, have been identified for secondary (dewatering) and tertiary (liquid/filtrate) treatment of FS, which distinguishes the FSTPs while the primary treatment (screening, homogenisation, and solid stabilisation) remains the same.  This paper evaluates the suitability of FSTP technologies based on factors affecting technology selection and the challenges in O&M observed through field implementation experience.